Thursday, April 25, 2024

Joe Sheehan Newsletter, April 25, 2024 -- "Thinking Inside the Box"

 

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

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"Thinking Inside the Box" is an occasional Newsletter feature that pulls topics from a reading of the box scores. The lines in fixed-width are the player's box score line for the game in question.

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Mets 8, Giants 2

               AB  R  H  BI
Lindor SS       5  2  4   4 2 HR

Mr. Smile needed this one. Francisco Lindor opened the year hitting .174/.267/.272 through Wednesday night. He had not hit a single ball 100 mph or harder, and just 10 of 75 at 95 mph. He had one barrel all year, just two homers. Yesterday, he tripled his barrel count and doubled up his homers. 

Now, Lindor hadn’t been quite as bad as that slash line indicates. Today, a day after his explosion in San Francisco, his expected wOBA is .320, a full 70 points ahead of his actual. Lindor still manages the strike zone well, and in fact he is running his best strikeout rate since 2019. The rest of his game, his baserunning and defense, remains top notch. Yesterday’s game yanked his WAR into positive territory and continued his Hall of Fame trajectory. 

Lindor is 13th among active players with 43 bWAR, and the second-youngest player with at least 40 bWAR. While there’s nothing that says he has to continue on this path -- we’ve been talking a lot about the struggles of older players lately -- Lindor is the type of player, with a broad skill set, who tends to age better than most. He needs just another 20 WAR to be a serious candidate, 25 to just about lock up a spot in Cooperstown. He will at least come under consideration so long as he doesn’t collapse in his thirties. Me, I think he’ll end up going in easily, and at the moment is one of the game’s underappreciated superstars, slow start and all. 


Orioles 6, Angels 5

         

CS: Adell (4)

I suppose a box-score line isn’t enough, so see for yourself why it’s here.

With two outs and the Angels down one in the bottom of the ninth, Jo Adell stole second base. He took off from first, slid into second, beat the tag. That’s what happened. Second-base umpire Nic Lentz blew the call, declaring Adell out and the game over. That happens, has happened for 150 years of baseball history. 

The thing is, we can fix it now. We have an elaborate, expensive system in place to make sure that baseball games are decided by what the players do, not what a middle manager thinks they did. The Angels challenged the call, which sent the whole thing to a room in New York filled with screens, and with one umpire charged with using those screens to get the call right.

They still couldn’t do it. 

The problem stems from an archaic detail in the replay rules that privileges the call on the field. Rather than the replay umpire determining what happened, his job is...I’ll just quote MLB here:

Replay officials review all calls subject to replay review and decide whether to change the call on the field, confirm the call on the field or let stand the call on the field due to the lack of clear and convincing evidence.

The players, the plays, the baseball game aren’t mentioned. The call on the field is mentioned three times. Whereas the replay system should be centering baseball, it instead centers umpiring. That’s the error, borne of a thought process that envisions replay not as a solution, but as an intrusion.

Once a play on the field goes to the replay room, the call on the field should disappear. It never happened. The umpires in New York should not think of themselves as changing, confirming, or letting stand a call -- as centering the actions of the umpire -- but rather determining what happened in the baseball game. Taking the umpires out of the picture and re-focusing replay on the players is the step that’s missing, and the omission leads to most of the replay mistakes we see. Replay errors are hardly as common as ball-strike errors, but because they flip out to safe, and sometimes out to a run (and vice versa), they have outsized impact. The error yesterday was one of the biggest plays of the game, turning two outs and a runner on second into game over, about an 11% swing in win expectancy.

Replay has been good for baseball. As we saw yesterday, though, it can be better. Make it about baseball, not the umpires.


Braves 4, Marlins 3 (10 inn.)

                     IP  H  R ER BB  K
Lopez, R.           7.0  3  1  1  2  6

That’s Reynaldo Lopez’s fourth quality start in four outings. He has a 0.72 ERA and a 2.72 FIP, with a 26% strikeout rate. I had my doubts about Lopez as a starter, as a trip through my archives will show...

December 30, 2019: “A reliever shoved into a starting role.”

November 22, 2021: “finally turned into a reliever, had a 22/3 K/BB out of the bullpen.”

April 25, 2022: “Reynaldo Lopez has made 96 starts for the Sox and in every one of them has been a reliever asked to do too much; here’s hoping they just leave him in the pen, where he has a 2.85 career ERA (4.75 as a starter), for everyone’s sake.”

February 10, 2023: “I would love to see Reynaldo Lopez used as a fireman.”

Lopez had started and held up before. He made every start for the White Sox in 2018 and 2019, leading the AL in runs allowed in the second year. The issue for me has always been effectiveness rather than endurance, though after Lopez spent the last two years as a reliever, I had doubts about both coming into 2024. So far, he’s quelled them.

What’s interesting to me is that Lopez has pretty much been the same pitcher as a starter that he was as a reliever: Four-seamers more than half the time, a slider about 30% of the time, occasional curves and change-ups to lefties. He picked up 2-3 mph on the heater when he went to the pen, and dropped the same speed as a starter. This year, he’s getting more swing-and-miss than ever before, especially on his breaking balls, both of them posting 45% whiff rates.

The Braves desperately needed something to go right after the Spencer Strider injury. There are still reasonable concerns about Lopez’s ability to pitch through the season after two years of relief, but at least for the moment, he looks like a playoff starter.


Dodgers 11, Nationals 2

               AB  R  H  BI
Ohtani DH       6  2  3   2 3 2B

It was just yesterday that Joe Posnanski wrote about Shohei Ohtani and his 11 doubles in 25 games, and how it augured a run at a 60-double season. I’m with Joe -- I love doubles. I was a doubles hitter as a player, my favorite player ever was doubles machine Don Mattingly, my favorite hitter archetype is the line-to-line doubles hitter, one that largely has gone out of favor. 

Shohei Ohtani might just make doubles news again.

Double Your Pleasure (most doubles in baseball April, since 1901)

                         2B     G
Matt Chapman     2023    15    27    
Mike Lowell      2002    15    26
Garret Anderson  2003    14    27
Paul DeJong      2019    14    29
Derrek Lee       2007    14    24
Shohei Ohtani    2024    14    26
Alfonso Soriano  2002    14    26


Any April leaderboard is going to be populated by players of recent vintage, who play more games in baseball April (which includes March) than any players did in the 20th century, when seasons started on more reasonable dates. Ohtani should break and possibly shatter the record for April doubles. “Pace” is a silly construct. It’s fun, though, to see that a healthy Ohtani is on pace for 87 doubles. 

Here is where we have to start talking about Earl Webb. Webb, a journeyman outfielder from the 1930s, holds the single-season record for doubles with 67. He set the record playing most of his home games at Fenway Park during a high-offense season, 1931. The left-handed hitting Webb hit 43% of his career doubles in that one big year, was traded away the next summer, and his career was over by 1934.

No player has hit even 60 doubles in a season since 1936. Freddie Freeman hit 59 last year. He had 54 with 20 games to go, 59 with two left, and just couldn’t get over the line. One of the many reasons I remain angry about 1994 is that Chuck Knoblauch had 45 doubles with more than 50 Twins games left to play. He was on pace for 64 doubles when the strike ended the campaign. Ohtani, who has already done so many things we haven’t seen since before the second World War, may yet add to that list.


Twins 6, White Sox 3

                     IP  H  R ER BB  K
Crochet (L, 1-4)    4.0  7  5  5  2  6 HR

Opening day is a long way away. Garrett Crochet, making his first major league start, struck out eight Tigers in a strong six inning outing that ended in a 1-0 loss. Well, since then, Crochet has a 7.61 ERA in five starts, and he hasn’t gotten past the fifth in his last three. 

That’s not why we’re here, though. We’re here because Crochet’s work last night helped push the White Sox to 3-21, meaning they’ll end up in a prominent place on this list:

Slooooooooow Starts (worst record after 25 decisions, since 1901)

Orioles   1988   2-23
Reds      2022   3-22
Tigers    2003   3-22
Indians   1969   4-21
Browns    1936   4-21
Red Sox   1932   4-21
Superbas  1907   4-21


The Sox, who play the Twins this afternoon, will tie for the second-worst 25-game start ever with a loss. This is a team I picked to win the AL Central just one year ago, that was in the playoffs just three years ago. Now, it’s looking up at last year’s A’s (5-20).

Those A’s were never good, but they played better after that start, closing 45-92 and even ripping off a seven-game winning streak in June. I’m not sure these Sox have that in them. Those A’s had young talent they integrated throughout the season -- Zack Gelof, Mason Miller, JJ Bleday. The A’s did their usual free-talent thing to give them their best hitters in Ryan Noda and Brent Rooker. Because they had no significant financial obligations, they weren’t stuck playing bad veterans as sunk costs.

These White Sox don’t find good players on waivers or in other teams’ systems. Their fishing has brought in Robbie Grossman (.178/.315/.200) and Martin Maldonado (.048/.091/.071, basestealers are 13-for-14 against him). Tommy Pham will join this group shortly. Offseason trades added Dominic Fletcher (.203/.277/.271), Nicky Lopez (.203/.309/.203) and Braden Shewmake (.158/.175/.263). They did sign Erick Fedde from the KBO, and that’s worked well, but it’s the only thing that has. They’re probably stuck playing Andrew Benintendi, who has three years and five months left at $15 million a year, and is hitting .167/.205/.190. Pitchers in 2021, the last year before the universal DH, hit .110/.150/.142.

Mostly, though, I don’t see where the Sox can get better. Their top prospect, shortstop Colson Montgomery, has a .310 OBP in Triple-A, as does last year’s disappointment Oscar Colas. Zach DeLoach, another offseason trade pickup, has a .284 SLG for Charlotte. Infielder Lenyn Sosa started hot, got called up, and went 5-for-38 in the majors. Most of the Charlotte staff is bad, old, or both; Jonathan Cannon made two good starts there and got promoted; he’s allowed seven runs in 8 2/3 innings in the majors.

The team has some pitching at Double-A in offseason trade additions Drew Thorpe and Jairo Iriarte. No matter how well they pitch, though, I’m not sure they’ll be better off pitching for a 115-loss White Sox team in an empty ballpark than working on their games in the minors.

Most teams that start out this bad can turn over the roster, promote some young talent, dump the veterans, and count on regression to help it all look a little better. I’m not sure the White Sox can do any of that. The worst 50-game start in baseball history is 9-41 by the 1904 Senators. Next is last year’s A’s at 10-40, along with the ’32 Red Sox at 10-40. The White Sox have to go 7-20 to keep from tying the record, and I don’t think they have it in them.

#120Watch is coming. 

 

Tuesday, April 23, 2024

Newsletter Excerpt, April 23, 2024 -- "Mike Tr-Out"

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

You can subscribe to the newsletter for one year for $79.95 using your PayPal account or major credit card.

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Last night was the first time in his career that Trout had come up in the dream scenario: at home, bases loaded in the ninth, two outs, Angels trailing. If you widen the aperture a bit to situations in which Trout batted in the bottom of the ninth with two outs and the Angels trailing by three or fewer runs, you find 30 plate appearances in which he’s hit .217 with four singles and a double, while walking six times (two intentionally) and striking out five times.

 

Monday, April 22, 2024

Newsletter Excerpt, April 22, 2024 -- "Offense Check-In"

 

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

You can subscribe to the newsletter for one year for $79.95 using your PayPal account or major credit card.

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It’s still early enough that much of the drop in performance on contact could be noise related to weather and the mix of players in and out of lineups and which parks have seen more games played in them. What I think we’re seeing, though, is the effect of the most hittable pitches in baseball being phased out in favor of more difficult ones. Pitchers figured out how to miss bats in the 2010s. It may be they’re figuring out how to induce less valuable contact in the 2020s. The pitchers are still far ahead of the hitters, and that is what’s showing up in the early-season statistics.
 
 

Friday, April 19, 2024

Newsletter Excerpt, April 19, 2024 -- "Time Comes For Everyone"

 

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

You can subscribe to the newsletter for one year for $79.95 using your PayPal account or major credit card.

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The flip side of that is older position players are being chased out of a sport that moves too quickly for them. Last year, 12.6% of plate appearances were taken by players 33 and older. Ten years ago, and noting that pitchers were taking some of these, the figure was 16%. Twenty years ago, it was 21%. Before you start yelling at me about steroids, note that in 1983, forty years ago, it was also 21%.
 
 

Monday, April 15, 2024

Newsletter Excerpt, April 15, 2024 -- "Fun With Numbers: Roster Resources"

 

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

You can subscribe to the newsletter for one year for $79.95 using your PayPal account or major credit card.

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Running at this from a different direction...from 2017 through 2019, 17 teams won at least 95 games in a season, and of those, nine used fewer than 50 players. From 2021 through 2023, 14 teams won at least 95 games, and just one (the 2022 Astros) used fewer than 50 players.

What we could be seeing is a change in how teams run up player counts. For most of baseball history, you went into the season with your guys and stuck with them until injury or poor performance or a sell-off forced you to change. If you didn’t have to deviate much, if you didn’t have to go off script, it showed up in your win-loss record.
 
 

Thursday, April 11, 2024

Newsletter Excerpt, April 11, 2024 -- "Thinking Inside the Box"

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

You can subscribe to the newsletter for one year for $79.95 using your PayPal account or major credit card.

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I wonder if the problem isn’t Judge, but his context. Judge is seeing fewer strikes than he ever has, and fewer first-pitch strikes. Opposing pitchers seem to have decided that they’ll take their chances with Giancarlo Stanton, who has hit .202/.286/.442 the last two seasons. Stanton has been better than that so far this year, .256/.289/.605, albeit with a 36% strikeout rate, but that line isn’t going to change pitchers’ minds.

Protection, as popularly known, is a myth. Hitters do not perform better based on the quality of the batter behind them in the lineup. What is real, though, is weak protection: If the gap between two hitters is wide enough, the first batter will see an uptick in his walk rate. Aaron Judge leads the AL in walks drawn and is top-25 in fewest strikes seen among all qualified hitters. Put all this together, and I wonder if Judge -- whose swing/take decisions are a mess right now -- is struggling to adjust to not seeing enough hittable pitches.

 

Tuesday, April 9, 2024

Newsletter Excerpt, April 9, 2024 -- "The Demon, Running Wild"

 

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

You can subscribe to the newsletter for one year for $79.95 using your PayPal account or major credit card.

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There is no clean or easy solution. Pitcher injury rate is related to the strikeout problem, but the solutions that could best address the strikeout problem -- rostering fewer pitchers and moving the mound back -- do nothing to change the incentive structure and could possibly put pitchers at more risk. Even if you could modify the game played at the MLB level, it would take decades for those changes to affect behaviors in scouting, in player development, in amateur ball. It took us 40 years to get here. It may take 40 to get back.

Friday, April 5, 2024

Newsletter Excerpt, April 5, 2024 -- "More A's Nonsense"

 

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

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This is now on Rob Manfred. Manfred wants to get the expansion process started before he leaves office in January 2029, and he remains trapped by his commitment to get the A’s and Rays’ situations settled before doing so. Manfred is willing to allow all manner of nonsense from John Fisher so long as it allows him to say the A’s situation is settled and now the league can consider expansion.

It’s not settled, though, and Manfred’s insistence on backing Fisher’s plays because they get him closer to expansion isn’t working. The A’s are moving further from stability with each bad deal Fisher makes, and there’s no end to them in sight.
 
 

Tuesday, April 2, 2024

Newsletter Excerpt, April 2, 2024 -- "NL Lineups"

 

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

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Reds: Injuries are affecting player usage in a way that seems to simplify David Bell’s choices. Will Benson is playing every day, batting second against righties, ninth against lefties. Jonathan India, who was supposed to become a utility player, is moving between the only two positions he’s ever played: second base and DH. Bell is doing some complex platooning with India, Nick Martini and Santiago Espinal; and with Jake Fraley and Stuart Fairchild. Bell has done a good job making lemonade.
 
 

Monday, April 1, 2024

Newsletter Excerpt, April 1, 2024 -- "AL Lineups"

 

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

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Guardians: Andres Gimenez batted second against the two righties, sixth and seventh against the lefties. David Fry didn’t play against the righties, then batted fourth and fifth against the lefties. Stephen Vogt, at least through four games, has Bo Naylor and Austin Hedges in a platoon behind the plate, Will Brennan and Ramon Laureano in a platoon in right field. If we learned nothing else about Vogt this weekend, it’s that he looks like a platoon manager. I like it.

Tyler Freeman seems to be first choice in center for the moment, starting three games. Estevan Florial served as the DH twice, batting eighth. I have a thesis that states if your DH is batting that low in the lineup, you’ve picked the wrong DH. 
 
 

Friday, March 29, 2024

Newsletter Excerpt, March 28, 2024 -- "Season Preview, Teams #3-1"

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

You can subscribe to the newsletter for one year for $79.95 using your PayPal account or major credit card.

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2. Chicago Cubs (96-66, 785 runs scored, 653 runs allowed, first in NL Central)

No line in my preseason prediction piece got more attention than this one, which positioned the Cubs as worthy challengers to the Dodgers and Braves. There’s no one reason I have them slotted this highly, but rather a combination.

The Cubs have a great defense, a great manager, and a lot of young pitching coming. They run back an offense that was 12th in wRC+ last year, eighth in the second half. They’re going to be a great story this year.

Newsletter Excerpt, March 27, 2024 -- "Season Preview, Teams #6-4"

 

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

You can subscribe to the newsletter for one year for $79.95 using your PayPal account or major credit card.

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The Phillies have finally put a full team around the star core. We know what Bryce Harper and Trea Turner and Zack Wheeler can do. Turner, who got off to that miserable start as a Phillie, still ended up with a three-win season, a 111 OPS+, and the most perfectest basestealing year ever (30 SB, 0 CS). He was a top-ten player in the NL in the second half and is my pick for NL MVP in 2024. Harper came back too quickly from Tommy John surgery and didn’t hit a single home run for nearly two months from late May to mid-July. In the season’s second half, he hit .296/.413/.583. We saw Mookie Betts and Freddie Freeman take on Ronald Acuña Jr. and Matt Olson last year. Turner and Harper have that kind of upside together.
 
 

Newsletter Excerpt, March 27, 2024 -- "Season Preview, Teams #9-7"

 

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

You can subscribe to the newsletter for one year for $79.95 using your PayPal account or major credit card.

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The Orioles, who have the second-lowest CBT payroll in baseball, let Blake Snell and Jordan Montgomery go elsewhere rather than chip away at the 2024 profits -- and they would have been paid out of the profits, believe that. They traded for Burnes, but as should be clear, they still have more young players than they know what to do with. Letting Mayo and Norby rake for the greater glory of the Norfolk Tides while Dylan Cease dons Padres colors is a mistake.

Newsletter Excerpt, March 26, 2024 -- "Season Preview 2024: Teams #12-10"

 

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

You can subscribe to the newsletter for one year for $79.95 using your PayPal account or major credit card.

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The one area in which we should be able to project a big improvement is in the bullpen. Last year’s group was 23rd in ERA, 18th in FIP, and 24th in strikeout rate. If the Cardinals chased floor for the rotation, they pursued strikeouts in the pen. Andrew Kittredge, Ryan Fernandez, and Riley O’Brien should lengthen the pen and miss bats in the process. (Keynan Middleton has the dreaded strained forearm and may never join this group.) Moving Matthew Liberatore out there could help as well. 

Tuesday, March 26, 2024

Joe Sheehan Newsletter, March 25, 2024 -- "Season Preview 2024: Teams #15-13"

This is a preview of the Joe Sheehan Baseball Newsletter, an e-mail newsletter about all things baseball, featuring analysis and opinion about the game on and off the field from the perspective of the informed outsider.

You can subscribe to the newsletter for one year for $79.95 using your PayPal account or major credit card.

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The Joe Sheehan Newsletter
Season Preview 2024: Teams #15-13
March 25, 2024

It doesn’t always work out that my projected top 12 teams in baseball are the 12 playoff teams, but that is the case this year. As I wrote in the last issue, though, don’t get too caught up in the ordering. There’s a virtual tie in the middle of the bell curve.

15. Boston Red Sox (83-79, 776 runs scored, 752 runs allowed, fourth in AL East)

I seem to have been higher on recent Red Sox teams than most. For all the errors made by ownership, the team on the field is turning over in an intriguing way. They’ve identified the defense as a problem and have taken steps to address it, trading for Tyler O’Neill and Vaughn Grissom, and now putting Ceddanne Rafaela on the Opening Day roster. Rafaela should immediately be one of the game’s best defensive outfielders, and a pasture of O’Neill, Rafaela, and Jarren Duran would be an enormous upgrade over last year’s group. Wilyer Abreu may also be on the roster as the fourth outfielder, which would further limit Masataka Yoshida’s innings out there.

Fenway Park messes with outfielders’ raw statistics, making something like Defensive Efficiency Rating misleading. Outs Above Average, based on Statcast data, shows the Sox as having the eighth-worst outfield in the game in 2022, fifth-worst in 2023. This year’s group will be better than that, and that’s the biggest reason I have them rated this highly.

Yoshida as a bat-only player intrigues me as well. Adding all that defense will have an effect on the team OBP, and Yoshida should be a salve for that. He tired badly in the second half last season and lost the thread at the plate, with just seven walks after the All-Star break. Even with that, he had a 14% strikeout rate and an 81/34 K/BB over the full season, ending with a .289/.338/.445 line and 8-for-8 stealing bags. Left alone to DH he will be less likely to tire and should be the OBP/doubles contributor the Sox signed him to be.

The biggest concern here has to be the pitching, especially the starting rotation. The only big swing Craig Breslow took in his first year, signing Lucas Giolito, turned into a big whiff when Gioiito tore his UCL. He will miss 2024. Having traded Chris Sale for Grissom, Breslow is left with the same shallow rotation that undercut recent Sox teams, again pretending Tanner Houck and Garrett Whitlock are full-time starting pitchers instead of very good relievers.

Houck has both an enormous third-time-around split (.303/.391/.566) and his performance collapses after he goes 50 pitches in a game:

               AVG   OBP   SLG   K%  BB%
Pitches 1-50  .205  .284  .294  27%   8%
Pitches 51+   .290  .370  .464  22%  10%


Houck’s career high is 119 innings, and he threw 114 2/3 last year. There is very little reason to think he’s a major-league starting pitcher. Insisting he can be one hurts both the rotation and the bullpen.

Whitlock has almost an identical profile -- loses effectiveness in a hurry, gets blasted the third time around, has no track record of carrying a starter’s workload. Boston’s insistence that these two can be MLB starters is baffling and frustrating. Just sign Jordan Montgomery already.

Houck and Whitlock would lengthen a bullpen that should be pretty good in the seventh through ninth innings, though with age and injury risk in both Kenley Jansen and Chris Martin. Josh WInckowski helps, as his own experiment with starting is over, and lefty Brennan Bernardino was a very good matchup guy as a 31-year-old rookie. All these pitchers will benefit from the better outfield defense.

The Upside: The improved defense drives a big drop in run prevention, and even in a rough AL East is enough to push the Red Sox into the playoff picture at 89-73.

The Downside: Injury and indecisiveness mean that Alex Cora never settles on a lineup or defensive alignment, a problem exacerbated by the collapse of the back end of the rotation. The Sox allow 800 runs and slip under .500 at 78-84.

Electric Youth: With Ceddanne Rafaela making the roster, we’ll see if Cora’s insistence that he’d only do so if he were the everyday center fielder holds. Rafaela, like Jarren Duran and Mookie Betts before him, is a converted infielder, and like Betts, Rafaela looks like he’ll be a plus-plus outfielder. He can run like crazy -- 115/32 SB/CS in the minors -- and drive the ball. To quote Keith Law, though, he “might swing at a butterfly if it flew within 10 feet of him.” It’s an entertaining, and highly watchable, package of skills.


14. San Diego Padres (84-78, 714 runs scored, 670 runs allowed, third in NL West)

The Dylan Cease trade is exactly what they needed, replacing Blake Snell with the right-handed, more reliable version of Snell, and doing it for two years at a reasonable price in talent. They didn’t swindle the White Sox, who need to collect talent as they embark on a rebuild; they did, however, acquire a playoff starting pitcher without dealing one of their top four prospects, depending on how you view Thorpe. It was worth three wins to this projection, given the low quality of pitchers Cease bumps in San Diego.

Adding Cease for a reasonable price does underline the path they took to get there. Could they have traded for Cease with Dylan Lesko or Robbie Snelling instead of Thorpe, and retained Juan Soto in the process? This lineup badly misses Soto, and the dropoff from him to Jurickson Profar and other waiver bait in left field is as steep as any team faces this year.

Cease provides stability to a rotation loaded with question marks. Michael King is continuing a return to starting, and hasn’t carried a full workload since 2018. The Padres, fresh off their success with a similar case in Seth Lugo, can be confident about managing King. Yu Darvish and Joe Musgrove combined for just 41 starts last season, and that number has to rise to the 50s. The internal depth here is very weak, across the roster.

The Padres are a riddle. How much regression to the mean can you project from any team in one-run and extra-inning games if that team bled off two key contributors in the offseason? Snell and Soto were worth 12 wins to the 2023 Padres, which is about the gap between their underlying performance and their 2023 record. Which factor will pull more strongly on the 2023 team? In making projections, I use last year’s third-order record rather than actual record as a baseline, but I was flummoxed a bit about whether that was still relevant here.

The other complicating factor is the manager. I was a critic of Mike Shildt’s work with the Cardinals, and see the change from Bob Melvin as a significant downgrade, the largest drop in managerial quality in baseball. I suspect what will happen, though -- as we saw in Texas last year -- is that the performances and outcomes in close games will regress to .500, and Shildt will get a lot of the credit for it.

The Upside: They get 110 starts from the top four starters, and pristine health helps them moot the depth issue and get back to the playoffs at 87-75.

The Downside: Things go wrong and Shildt is absolutely not the person to make them right. The bottom of the lineup is a disaster on the way to 73-89.

Electric Youth: The decision to make 21-year-old Jackson Merrill a center fielder was defensible only to the extent that Merrill was going to be left alone in center, rather than asked to play three positions a week. Merrill, who certainly has the tools of a center fielder, started and played every inning of the Padres’ two games in Seoul in center. It’s a good sign for the team’s top prospect, someone who might win NL Rookie of the Year.


13. Texas Rangers (84-78, 844 runs scored, 794 runs allowed, third in AL West)

Projecting the Rangers is a damned near impossible task, because no matter what the current reports are, I have no confidence in my ability to project the number of starts Max Scherzer and Jacob deGrom will make. ZiPS has 24. Rotowire, Steamer, Derek Carty’s The BAT, and Ariel Cohen’s ATC all say 19. I want to take the under on all of it, and that’s how I get the 2024 champs who won 90 games at 84-78.

I’m also pretty low on the bullpen. Bruce Bochy got a ring by loading up on three relievers in the playoffs, all three pitching as well for a month as they ever have. If you’ll recall, though, the Rangers’ bullpen was a problem for most of last season. In September, as they chased a division title, Rangers relievers were 25th in ERA and 23rd in FIP. They’ve added two old relievers in David Robertson and Kirby Yates, pitchers who could be effective, unavailable or both over six months.

Balanced against all this is that, hoo boy, are they going to score runs. This team is going to look like the classic Rangers teams from various eras, ones that had to win 7-5 and 8-7 most nights. The Rangers are running back the team that was third in MLB with a 114 wRC+, third in OBP, third in runs scored, and upgrading its two weak spots with two top-five prospects in Evan Carter and Wyatt Langford. I have them leading the AL with 844 runs scored, and I might well be low. Three of the projected five best hitters on the 2024 Rangers -- Carter, Langford, and Corey Seager -- combined for just 611 MLB PA last year.

It’s just a matter of whether they can stay in very crowded AL West and AL wild-card races until the pitching gets back to full strength. They got a lot of good work last year from the likes of Andrew Heaney and Dane Dunning, and if that back end can just be average-minus, just keep from losing games by themselves, the Rangers will be well-positioned if and when their best starters return.

The Upside: They push above 900 runs scored and pitch just well enough to make that work, then shoot past the Mariners and Astros with a 38-22 finish to a 94-68 season.

The Downside
: The shaky bullpen and back end make Rangers games highly entertaining runfests, but not enough of them go the Rangers’ way as they miss the playoffs at 81-81.

Electric Youth: Evan Carter came up at the end of last year, hit .306/.413/.645 in September and then .300/.417/.500 during a run to a championship...and he’s already like the girl in that meme watching her boyfriend check out someone else. Wyatt Langford, 22, the #4 pick in last year’s draft, destroyed four levels of the minors, including posting a .539 OBP at Triple-A, and he’s made the Rangers’ roster off a .375/.429/.732 spring. He’ll DH to start the year because the Rangers have three good outfielders, but he has the speed to be plus in either corner.